Signs and Symptoms of Infertility in Men and Women
Not sure if you should see a fertility specialist? Here are the key signs of infertility in both men and women, and when to seek help.
Many couples aren't sure when "it's taking a while" crosses into "we should see a doctor." Recognising the signs of infertility early can save valuable time, since many causes are very treatable when caught early.
The General Rule
Doctors generally recommend a fertility evaluation if:
- You are under 35 and haven't conceived after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse.
- You are over 35 and haven't conceived after 6 months.
- You have any of the specific symptoms listed below — in which case, don't wait even that long.
Signs of Infertility in Women
- Irregular, very heavy, or absent periods
- Severe menstrual pain (can indicate endometriosis)
- Known conditions like PCOS, thyroid disorders, or endometriosis
- Previous pelvic infections or surgeries
- Recurrent miscarriages
- Age above 35 and trying to conceive
Signs of Infertility in Men
- Difficulty with erection or ejaculation
- Pain, swelling, or lumps in the testicular area
- History of groin, testicular, or prostate surgery
- Reduced sexual desire
- Known low sperm count from a previous test
Male-factor infertility contributes to roughly 40–50% of infertility cases, so both partners should be evaluated — not just the woman, which is a common misconception.
What Happens at a Fertility Evaluation?
A typical work-up includes a detailed history, hormone blood tests, ultrasound (for women), and semen analysis (for men). This is usually enough to identify the likely cause and recommend next steps — whether that's lifestyle changes, ovulation induction, IUI, or IVF.
Don't Wait Too Long
Fertility naturally declines with age, especially after 35. If you recognise any of these signs, an early consultation gives you more time and more treatment options.
Kalyani IVF, Saharsa offers complete fertility testing for both partners. Book a free consultation to get clarity on your situation.
Reference: World Health Organization infertility fact sheet — who.int.